ارزیابی نقش انرژی در جنگ اوکراین و نظم نوین جهانی در حال ظهور در چارچوب نظریه‌های وابستگی متقابل

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستقل

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مطالعات منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 استاد سیاست‌گذاری انرژی، دانشکده انرژی، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف

چکیده

در دنیای کنونی مسئله امنیت انرژی برای کشورهای تولیدکننده و مصرف‌کننده، پیوند ناگسستنی با قدرت دولت‌ها پیدا کرده و این امر کشورها را در مجموعه‌ای درهم تنیده از وابستگی متقابل محصور کرده است؛ به طوری که هر نوع اخلال در آن می‌تواند همچون اثر پروانه‌ای دگرگونی عظیمی در نظام بین‌الملل ایجاد کند. حمله روسیه به اوکراین در 2022، از مهم‌ترین پدیده‌ها پس از پایان جنگ سرد است که ساختار نظام بین‌الملل را تحت تاثیر قرار داد. ذخائر عظیم نفت و گاز روسیه، این کشور را به بزرگترین صادرکننده انرژی به اروپا تبدیل کرده بود. شبکه حیاتی درهم تنیده تبادلات انرژی میان روسیه و اروپا آن چنان وابستگی متقابل ایجاد کرده بود که حوزه انرژی در مراکز حساسی مانند شورای عالی امنیت ملی کشورها تصمیم‌گیری می‌شد. سوال‌های اصلی پژوهش این است که با توجه به اهمیت انرژی در روابط روسیه و اروپا، نقش آن در منازعات روسیه و اروپا چه بوده است؟ و عواقب جنگ اوکراین چه تغییراتی را در ژئوپلتیک انرژی نظام بین‌الملل ایجاد کرد؟ در این راستا این مطالعه در پی یافتن همبستگی متغیر انرژی در جنگ اوکراین در چارچوب نظریه‌های وابستگی متقابل است و یافته‌های آن حاکی از آن است که انرژی به عنوان رشته مستحکم وابستگی متقابل روسیه و اروپا، به دلایلی چون اختلافات ایدئولوژیک، بی‌اعتمادی دیرینه، و از همه مهم‌تر استفاده تسلیحاتی طرف‌ها از آن، نه تنها موجب ایجاد جامعه امنیتی متکثر نگردید، بلکه خود باعث برداشت‌های تهدیدآمیز شد تا جایی که با یک جنگ از هم گسست و روابط بین‌الملل را تحت تاثیر قرار داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the Role of Energy in the Ukraine War and the Emerging New World Order within the Framework of Interdependence Theories

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Hasheminejad ashrafi 1
  • Abbas Maleki 2
1 MA of Regional Studies, Allameh Tabatabai'e University, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Energy Policy, Energy Department,, Sharif University of Technology
چکیده [English]

Energy security has become intricately intertwined with state power, resulting in a complex web of interdependence among energy-producing and consuming countries. Any disruption in this network of interdependencies can have significant ripple effects on the international system. The Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022 had a profound impact on the international system following the Cold War. Russia's substantial reserves of oil and gas have historically positioned it as the primary energy exporter to Europe, and the interconnected energy networks resulted in a significant level of interdependence. The main questions of this research are, considering the significance of energy in the dynamics between Russia and Europe, what has been the role of this prominent factor in the conflicts between Russia and Europe? And what changes did the consequences of the war in Ukraine create in the energy geopolitics of the international system? In this regard, this study seeks to find the correlation of energy in the Ukraine war within the framework of interdependence theories, and its findings indicate that energy, as a strong field of interdependence between Russia and Europe, for reasons such as ideological differences, long-standing distrust, and most importantly, the weaponized use of it by the parties not only failed to create a pluralistic security society but have also led to threatening perceptions. These perceptions have escalated to the point of war and have had an impact on international relations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Russia and Europe
  • Ukraine war
  • Interdependence
  • Energy security
  • International system

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فصلنامه مطالعات بین‌ المللی
دوره 20، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 80
فروردین 1403
صفحه 161-181

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