نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستخرج از رساله
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری روابط بین الملل دانشگاه گیلان.
2 استاد تمام دپارتمان علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل دانشگاه گیلان
3 استادیار روابط بین الملل دانشگاه گیلان.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Turkey’s presence in Afghanistan since 2001 suggests Ankara’s smart diplomacy toward Kabul. Turkey tried to spread its persuasive power, popularity, and appeal in Afghanistan in the framework of this diplomacy and thus pursue its national interests. The main question this paper addresses is: What were the components of Turkey’s smart diplomacy in Afghanistan from 2001 to 2021, and what factors influenced their presence? The raw data used in this article was collected using desk research and processed through a descriptive-analytical method. According to the findings, Turkey’s strategy was influenced by diplomacy in a post-modern environment and acceptance of the change in its meaning, and was applied in the framework of of parameters such as humanitarian aid, economic-commercial projects, exertion of influence on ethnic and political leaders, and mediation. Identity-oriented, internal values of Turkey and Afghanistan and their common benefit-oriented constructs, and the perceptions of the leaders of both countries concerning the threats and opportunities, and hence of the dynamic environment of the international order, were among the factors that facilitated this diplomacy. The general conclusion of this article indicates that the internal conditions in Turkey and Afghanistan and the international developments are among the factors driving Turkey to pursue this smart diplomacy in Afghanistan. This diplomacy in the mentioned period included applying all of its soft and hard elements such as using cultural, political, military, diplomatic, and trade capacities and providing economic assistance.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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