پیامدهای تشکیل هیات مستقل بین‌المللی حقیقت‌یاب برای ایران از منظر حقوق بین‌الملل کیفری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستقل

نویسندگان

1 استاد حقوق بین‌الملل، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد حقوق بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

پس از اتفاقات رخ داده در ۲۶ شهریور ۱۴۰۱ در ساختمان پلیس امنیت اخلاقی، در ایران اعتراضاتی آغاز شد. این حوادث از شهرهای سقز و تهران شروع شد و چندین ماه در شهرهای مختلف ایران و جهان ادامه داشت. از آن پس بود که واکنش‌های بسیاری در سطح ایران و جهان ایجاد شد. در پی این اعتراضات، شورای حقوق بشر سازمان ملل متحد با صدور قطعنامه A/HRC/S-35/L.1 اقدام به تشکیل «هیات مستقل بین‌المللی حقیقت‌یاب» نمود. تاسیس هیات حقیقت‌یاب یکی از مهم‌ترین سازکارهای شورای حقوق بشر در حفاظت از حقوق بشر، از طریق تحقیق درخصوص موارد نقض حقوق بشر در هر یک از دول عضو ملل متحد در زمانی است که وضعیت رعایت حقوق بشر در آن کشور، نگران کننده بوده و سازمان در جستجوی مقابله با این وضعیت و جلوگیری از بی‌کیفرمانی باشد. روش بررسی این پژوهش، تحلیلی–توصیفی می‌باشد و شیوه‌ی گردآوری اطلاعات، کتابخانه‌ای است. سوال اصلی این پژوهش آن است که در پرتو بررسی فعالیت هیات‌های مشابه، آثار و پیامدهای کیفری گزارش‌های این هیات برای ایران چه خواهد بود؟ فرضیه نگارندگان آن است که صلاحیت جهانی برخی محاکم عمدتاً اروپایی برای تعقیب ناقضان شدید حقوق بشر ممکن است فعال گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Legal Consequences of the Establishment of the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Islamic Republic of Iran from the Perspective of International Criminal Law

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sattar Azizi 1
  • Kian Biglarbeigi 2
1 Professor of International Law, Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan. Iran.
2 Master student of International Law, Faculty of Law, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

After the events that happened on 17 September 2022 in Moral Security Police building, protests started in Iran. These incidents started in the cities of Saqqez and Tehran and continued for several months in different cities of Iran and the world. After that, there were many reactions in Iran and other parts of the world. Following these protests, the United Nations Human Rights Council, by issuing Resolution A/HRC/S-35/L.1, established an "Independent International Fact-Finding Mission". The establishment of the fact-finding commission is one of the most important mechanisms of the Human Rights Council for protecting human rights through the investigation of violations in United Nation’s Member States when observing human rights in that country is worrying and the Council should confront with this situation and prevent from impunity. The research method of this article is analytical-descriptive and the method of collecting information is library method. The main question of this research is what will be the effects and legal consequences of the reports of this commission for Iran in the light of examining similar commissions’ activities? The hypothesis of the authors is that the universal jurisdiction of some mainly European courts to prosecute serious human rights violators may be activated.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Human Rights Council
  • Independent International Fact-Finding Mission
  • Universal Jurisdiction
  • International Criminal Law
  • Human Rights

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فصلنامه مطالعات بین‌ المللی
دوره 20، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 80
فروردین 1403
صفحه 135-159

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