نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستقل
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه روابط بین الملل، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
3 استاد گروه روابط بین الملل، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، تهران ایران.
4 استادیار گروه روابط بین‌الملل، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Since 2001, the anti -terrorism policy making of European Union unlike United States of America has concentrated over the reinforcement of existing domestic law enforcement instruments and on multilateral action internationally creating at least the outlines of a specific European model. Structural models either realist or culturalist provide partial explanations for this. Neither to say that the drug trade, organized crime and terrorism into the general category of internal security issues and to pose as an organizing question whether a European Model encompassing a generalized security response to these three problems might be emerging. West of the Atlantic, at least since the elections of 2000, terrorism has been emphatically removed from the category of internal security issues to be reframed as an external , and primarily a military threat , As such, it has led to a thoroughgoing reorganization of the command structure or the armed forces, with a renewed emphasis on unilateral pre-emptive and even preventive action and a defense of the "homeland" as well as militarization in style if not always in institutional responsibility on internal security. European states, including UK, on the other hand, have continued to treat the threat of terrorism first and foremost as a matter of internal security to be dealt with by courts and law enforcement agencies, Action beyond borders for the states of Europe has typically taken place in multilateral contexts, with an emphasis on collaboration among intelligence and law enforcement agencies.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
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