شناسایی امارت اسلامی افغانستان (طالبان) از منظر حقوق بین‌الملل

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستقل

نویسنده

گروه حقوق، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

چکیده

گروه طالبان که در معرفی حکومت خود از عنوان «امارت اسلامی افغانستان» استفاده می‌کند، پس از تصرف کابل، رسماً اعضای حکومت موقت خود را معرفی کرد و از سازمان ملل متحد تقاضا کرد تا نماینده‌ آن کشور در سازمان پذیرش شود. در دوره‌ اول حکمرانی طالبان (از سال 1996 تا 2001)، با وجود اعمال حاکمیت موثر آنها بر بخش زیادی از افغانستان، حکومت مذکور از سوی سازمان ملل متحد شناسایی نشد. علی رغم خروج نام این گروه از فهرست گروههای ترویستی شورای امنیت در سال 2011، کماکان نام بسیاری از مقامات عالی رتبه گروه طالبان، در فهرست کمیته تحریمهای شورای امنیت قرار دارد. شورا نیز در قطعنامه 2513 (2020) تاکید کرده بود که از اعاده‌ حکومت امارت اسلامی افغانستان استقبال نمی‌کند و آن را به رسمیت نمی‌شناسد اما در قطعنامه شماره 2593 (2021) که پس از تصرف کابل توسط طالبان صادر شده است، شورا به موضوع عدم شناسایی امارت اسلامی افغانستان اشاره نکرده است. سوال اصلی پژوهش آن است که «آیا امارت اسلامی افغانستان توسط جامعه بین‌المللی و سازمان ملل متحد شناسایی خواهد شد یا خیر؟». روش بررسی این پژوهش، تحلیلی –توصیفی می‌باشد و شیوه ‌گردآوری اطلاعات،کتابخانه‌ای است. نتیجه‌ این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که امارت اسلامی افغانستان، تا زمان اثبات همکاری با دیگر دولت‌ها در مبارزه با گروههای تروریستی نظیر داعش و نیز رعایت هنجارهایی مانند حفظ حقوق بشر و زنان و تشکیل حکومتی فراگیر، از سوی جامعه‌ بین‌المللی بویژه دول غربی شناسایی نخواهد شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Recognition of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan (Taliban) from the Perspective of International Law

نویسنده [English]

  • Sattar Azizi
Department of Law, Faculty of Humanities, Bu-Ali Sina University , Hamedan. Iran
چکیده [English]

The Taliban, which uses the term "Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan" to describe its government, formally introduced members of its interim government after occupying Kabul and asked the United Nations to accept its representation in the organization. During the first period of Taliban rule (from 1996 to 2001), despite their effective rule over much of Afghanistan, the government was not recognized by the United Nations. Despite the group's removal from the Security Council's list of terrorist groups in 2011, the names of many high-ranking Taliban officials remain on the Security Council's sanctions committee list. The council also stated in Resolution 2513 (2020) that it does not welcome the recognition of the government of the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan and does not recognize it. The Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan has not been mentioned. The main question of the research is "Will the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan be recognized by the international community or not?" The method of this research is analytical-descriptive and the method of collecting information is library. The results of this study show that the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan will not be recognized by the international community until it proves its cooperation with other governments in the fight against terrorist groups such as ISIS and the observance of norms such as the protection of human and women's rights and the formation of an inclusive government.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan
  • Taliban
  • Recognition of Governments
  • Effective governance
  • Democratic Governance

مراجع

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