ظرفیت شرکت‌های فراملی در بهبود اقتصاد و روابط بین‌المللی کشورها مطابق اصول حقوق بشری

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستخرج از رساله

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه حقوق عمومی، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران،

2 گروه حقوق بین الملل، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران.

3 گروه الهیات و معارف، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران،

چکیده

این مقاله به نقش شرکت‌های فراملی در توسعه اقتصادی و بهبود روابط بین‌المللی کشورها بر اساس حقوق بشر می‌پردازد. امروزه،افزایش نقش شرکت‌های فراملی و قدرت اقتصادی آنها باعث شده است که این شرکت‌ها فعالیت‌های خود را در سراسر جهان گسترش دهند و به یکی از مهم‌ترین نگرانی ها در سطح ملی و بین‌المللی تبدیل شوند. در سال‌های اخیر، جهان شاهد نوع جدید و روبه رشد سرمایه‌گذاری مستقیم خارجی ناشی از کشورهای درحال توسعه بوده است. با ورود به عرصه بین‌الملل، فعالیت شرکت‌های فراملی لزوماً به توسعه در جهان، به ویژه کشورهای درحال توسعه منجر نمی شود اما روابط آنها با کشورهای پیشرفته و تاثیر تعامل آنها با شرکت‌های فراملی، زمینه را برای روند توسعه در چنین کشورهایی فراهم می‌سازد. با توجه به این ویژگی‌ها و ضمن تبیین این مفاهیم، این سوال اساسی مطرح می شود که تأثیر فعالیت شرکت های فراملی در جهت بهبود روابط بین‌الملل و توسعه اقتصادی کشورها چیست و چه چالش‌هایی پیش‌رو دارد؟ در این مقاله، با استفاده از روش توصیفی- تحلیلی، نقش شرکت‌های فراملی در پیشبرد توسعه اقتصادی و حقوقی در روابط دوجانبه و چندجانبه بین کشورها و تأثیرات آن در کشورهای درحال توسعه با توجه به استانداردهای بین‌المللی حقوق بشر بررسی می‌شود. هدف این مقاله درک موقعیت بنیادی شرکت‌های فراملی در سطح ملی و بین‌المللی و بررسی تأثیرات آنها است. به نظر می‌رسد کشورهای درحال توسعه برای دستیابی به جدیدترین فناوری‌ها و بهبود وضعیت اقتصادی، نیاز به تعامل با شرکت‌های فراملی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Capacity of Transnational Corporations to Improve the Economies and International Relations of Countries in Accordance with Human Rights Principles

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mina Ghodrati rad 1
  • Ali Porghassab Amiri 2
  • Ahmadreza Behniafar 3
1 PhD Student, Department of Public Law, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran,
2 Corresponding Author, Department of International Law, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran,
3 , Department of Theology and Education, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran,
چکیده [English]

This article deals with the role of transnational corporations (TNCs) in economic development and improving the international relations of countries based on human rights. Today, the increasing role of transnational corporations and their economic power has caused these corporations to expand their activities around the world and become one of the major concerns at the national and international levels. In recent years, the world has witnessed a new and growing type of foreign direct investment originating from developing countries. By entering the international arena, transnational corporations' activities do not necessarily lead to development in the world, especially developed and developing countries, but their interactions and relationships with developed countries and the way they interact with transnational corporations, provide the ground for the process of development taking place in such countries. Given these characteristics and while explaining these concepts, the key question arises that what are the effects of the activities of transnational companies in order to improve international relations and economic development of countries and what are the challenges ahead? In this article using descriptive-analytical method, the role of transnational corporations in furthering the economic and legal development in the bilateral and multilateral relations among countries and its effects in developing countries are examined in the light of international human rights standards. The purpose of this article is to understand the fundamental position of transnational companies at the national and international levels and to study their effects. It seems that developing countries need to interact with transnational corporations to access the latest technologies and improve the economic situation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Transnational Corporations
  • Economic Development
  • Human Rights
  • Globalization
  • Foreign Investment
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