مقایسه تطبیقی راهبرد دیپلماسی عمومی چین و ترکیه در آفریقا

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستخرج از رساله

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

2 دانشیار عضو هیات علمی گروه روابط بین‌الملل، دانشکده الهیات، حقوق و علوم سیاسی،واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، ایران،

3 استاد گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین الملل، دانشکده حقوق، الهیات و علوم سیاسی ، واحد علوم و تحقیقات ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی

4 دانشیار گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده روابط بین الملل وزارت امور خارجه

چکیده

شرایط جدید نظام بین الملل موجب شده است تا مولفه های جدیدی ایفای نقش کنند و کشورها برای دستیابی به اهداف و تامین منافع ملی خود، ابزارهای جدیدی را به کار گیرند که از مهمترین آنها می توان به بهره گیری از دیپلماسی عمومی به عنوان ابزار قدرت نرم اشاره داشت. با توجه به اینکه آفریقا دارای جایگاه مهمی در سیاست خارجی کشورها محسوب ‌می‌گردد، بسیاری از کشورها از جمله چین و ترکیه در تلاش هستند تا از ظرفیت های موجود در این قاره در راستای منافع خود بهره برداری نمایند و از طریق دیپلماسی عمومی، نفوذ قدرت نرم خود را در این قاره افزایش دهند. اکنون این پرسش مطرح می‌شود که چگونه چین و ترکیه توانسته اند دیپلماسی عمومی خود را در آفریقا ارتقاء دهند؟ در پژوهش پیش رو ابتدا با رویکردی توصیفی- تحلیلی و با استفاده از اسناد و منابع کتابخانه ای، به واکاوای دیپلماسی عمومی چین و ترکیه در آفریقا پرداخته شده است. سپس با روش سیستماتیک و تحلیل ماتریس سوات، تلاش شد تا با بررسی داده های گردآوری شده راهبردی ارائه گردد که از نوآوری های مقاله مذکور می باشد. ازاینرو نتایج به دست آمده دلالت بر آن دارد که چین و ترکیه با استفاده از اقدامات مختلف فرهنگی، اقتصادی، بشردوستانه، آموزشی و ... توانسته اند دیپلماسی عمومی موفقی در آفریقا داشته باشند و با استفاده از راهبرد تهاجمی نفوذ قدرت نرم خود را در این قاره افزایش دهند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

A Comparative Study of China-Turkish Public Diplomacy Strategies in Africa

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Moradi 1
  • Mehdi Zakeiarn 2
  • Seyed Ali Asghar kazemi Zand 3
  • Mohammadreza Dehshiri 4
1 PhD Student of International Relations, Department of International Relations, Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad
2 Associate Professor, Department of International Relations, Faculty of Theology, Law and Political Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran, Tehran and, Associate Member, Center for Iranian Studies, SOAS,
3 Professor ,Faculty of Law, Theology and Political Science of Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran,Iran
4 Associate Professor of Department of International Relations, Faculty of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (SIR)
چکیده [English]

The new conditions of the international system have caused new components to play a role and countries to use new tools to achieve their goals and national interests, the most important of which can be the use of public diplomacy as a tool of soft power. Given that Africa has an important place in the foreign policy of countries, many countries, including China and Turkey, are trying to use the existing capacities on the continent to their advantage and through public diplomacy, the influence of soft power. The question now is how China and Turkey have been able to improve their public diplomacy in Africa. In the present study, first, with a descriptive-analytical approach and using library documents and sources, the analysis of public diplomacy between China and Turkey in Africa has been studied. Then, with systematic method and SWAT matrix analysis, an attempt has been made to present a strategy by examining the collected data, which is one of the innovations of the mentioned article. Therefore, the results indicate that China and Turkey have been able to have successful public diplomacy in Africa by using various cultural, economic, humanitarian, educational, etc. measures and increase their soft power influence on the continent by using offensive strategy. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Africa
  • public diplomacy
  • soft power
  • China
  • Turkey
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