استقلال‌خواهی کُردها و راهبرد اسرائیل و آمریکا در تضعیف تمامیت ارضی ایران

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستخرج از رساله

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد بافت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بافت، ایران.

2 استادیار عضو هیأت علمی گروه علوم سیاسی، واحد بافت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بافت، ایران.

چکیده

استقلال‌خواهی اقلیم کردستان عراق در راستای منافع بلندمدت اسرائیل و آمریکا در منطقه و در تداوم تحقق اهداف استراتژیک و گسترش نفوذ آنان در مرزهای غربی ایران می‌باشد. حضور آنان در این اقلیم و حمایت همه‌جانبه‌شان از اقدامات نظامی گروه‌های تجزیه‌طلب کومله، دموکرات و پژاک که در کردستان عراق و در نزدیکی مرزهای کردستان ایران استقرار دارند، موجب بحران قومی و تضعیف تمامیت ارضی مناطق کُردنشین ایران شده است.
هدف این تحقیق تبیین و بررسی نقش تهدیدات سخت امنیتی استقلال‌خواهی اقلیم کردستان عراق در تضعیف تمامیت ارضی مناطق کُردنشین ایران می‌باشد و با بهره‌گیری از ابزار فیش‌برداری و روش توصیفی- تحلیلی به این پرسش پاسخ می‌دهد که تهدیدات سخت امنیتی استقلال‌خواهی اقلیم کردستان عراق چگونه موجب تضعیف تمامیت ارضی مناطق کُردنشین ایران شده است؟ یافته‌های تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که استقلال‌خواهی این اقلیم از طریق تهدیدات گروه‌های تجزیه‌طلب کُردی ازجمله کومله، دموکرات و پژاک و تهدیدات حضور اسرائیل و آمریکا در این اقلیم زمینه‌ی نزدیکی گروه‌های تجزیه‌طلب کُردی و عوامل اسرائیلی و آمریکایی را به مرزهای غربی ایران فراهم کرده و موجب تضعیف تمامیت ارضی مناطق کُردنشین ایران شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Kurdish Independence Aspirations and the Strategy of Israel and the United States to Weaken Iran's Territorial Integrity

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mostafa Ghasemi Heydari 1
  • behnaz azhdari 2
  • Majid Masomi 2
1 PhD Student of Political Science, Dep. Baft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Baft, Iran
2 Assistant Professor at Political Science Dep, Faculty of Law and Political Science, Baft Branch, Islamic Azad University, Baft, Iran
چکیده [English]

The independence of the Iraqi Kurdistan region is in line with the long-term interests of Israel and the United States and in continuation of realization of strategic goals and the expansion of their influence on the western borders of Iran. Their presence in the region and their full support for the military actions of the separatist groups Komala, Democrats and PJAK, which are based in Iraqi Kurdistan and near the borders of Iranian Kurdistan, has caused an ethnic crisis and weakened the territorial integrity of the Kurdish regions of Iran. The purpose of this study is to explain and investigate the role of severe security threats to the independence of the Iraqi Kurdish region in undermining the territorial integrity of the Kurdish regions of Iran and by using filing tools and descriptive-analytical methods, it answers the question of how the severe security threats to the independence of the Iraqi Kurdistan region have weakened the territorial integrity of the Kurdish regions of Iran? The research findings show that the independence of this region through the threats of Kurdish separatist groups such as Komala, Democrats and PJAK and the threats of Israeli and American presence in this region has paved the way for Kurdish separatist groups and Israeli and American agents to move to the western borders of Iran and has weakened the territorial integrity of the Kurdish regions of Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Kurdish regions of Iran"
  • "Kurdish independence demands"
  • "Iraqi Kurdistan climate"
  • "West of Asia"
  • "Severe security threats"

مراجع

  1. Abdollahi Zia-al-Dini, M., et.al.. (2019). Pattern and Process of Ethnic Political Actions in Iran. Strategic Studies Quarterly, 22(86), 7-30. (In Persian) 
  2. Abdul Rahman, S. (2015). History of the Patriotic Union of Iraqi Kurdistan. Translated by Saman Soleimani, Tehran: Nashr-e-Dat. (In Persian)   
  3. Abed, S. (2017). The Kurdish Connection: Israel, ISIS and U.S. Efforts to Destabilize Iran,     at: https://sarahabed.com/2017/07/14/the-kurdish-connection-israel-isis-and-u-s-efforts-to-destabilize-iran
  4. Ahi, N. (2019). The Impact of Regional Developments in Iranian and Turkish Politics on the Ethnicity of the Kurds in Iraq, Social Science Studies, 5(1), 77-93. (In Persian)
  5. Ahmadian, G., et.al.. (2015). The Arab Spring and the Status of the Iraqi Kurdistan Regional Government in the Middle East, Iranian Journal of International Politics, 7(1), 1-28. (In Persian)
  6. Akhavan Kazemi, M., et.al. (2018). Analysis of the relationship between Israel and Iraqi Kurdistan and its Security Consequences for the Islamic Republic of Iran, Research Journal of the Islamic Revolution, 8(27), 19-40. (In Persian)
  7. Alaviyan, M., et.al. (2019). Factors and consequences of economic corruption in the Iraqi Kurdistan region, Journal of Security Knowledge, 5(10), 33-50. (In Persian)
  8. Bengio, O. (2017). Has Ierael’s Support for Kurdistan’s Independence Helped or Harmed the Kurds?. BESA Center Perspectives Paper, 637(1), November 9. at: https:// besacenter.org/perspectives-papers/
  9. Blanchard, C. M. (2017). Kurds in Iraq Propose Controversial Referendum on Independence, Crs Insight. at:https://fas.org/sgp/crs/mideast/IN10758.pdf
  10. Bora, B. (2017). What is behind the hostility between Iran and Turky, at: https://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2017/02/hostility-iran-turkey-170225184418231.html
  11. Brandon, J. (2018). Party for Free Life in Kurdistan: The PKK’s Iranian Wing Bides Its Time, at: https://jamestown.org/program/party-free-life-kurdistan-pkks-iranian-wing-bides-time/
  12. Buzan, B. (1991). People, State and Fear, An Agenda for International Security Studies in the Post-Cold War Era, Boulder Lynne Rienner, Chapter 4.
  13. Buzan, B., Waever, O. (2003). Regions and Powers, The Structure of International Security, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  14. Buzan, B., Waever, O. (2009). Region and Powers. Translate by R. Ghahramanpoor, Tehran, Institute for Strategic Studies. (In Persian)
  15. Cunningham, E. (2017). Iran’s Leaders Opposed Kurdish Independence Vote in Iraq, Iran’s Kurds Celebrated on the Streets. at: https://www.washingtonpost.com
  16. Dorsey, J. M. (2018). Whither the Kurds in, Europa Ethnica, 75(1-2), at: https://www.nomos-elibrary.de/ 10.24989/0014-2492-2018-12-64
  17. Driscall, D., Baser, B. (2019). Independence referendums and Nationalist Rhetoric: The Kurdistan Region of Iraq, at: https://www.tandfonline.com/ doi/full/10.1080/ 01436597.2019.1617631
  18. Dziadosz, A. (2017). The Economic Case against an Independent Kurdistan, at: https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2017/09/kurdistan-barzani-iraq-turkey-blockade-oil/541149/
  19. Ghaed Rahmati, E., Faal, S. (2015). Extremist Currents and Their Terrorist Threats, Tehran: NAJA Social Studies Research Institute Publications, Second Edition. (In Persian)   
  20. Ghanbari, M., Bayat, B. (2019). Environmental Studies of Terrorist Threats in the Islamic Republic of Iran, Political Science Quartely, 14(46), 159-185. (In Persian)    
  21. Ghorbaninejad, R. (2019) Study and Analysis of Structural Characteristics of the State Government of Iraqi Kurdistan, Journal of New Attitudes in Human Geography, 11(4), 560-580. (In Persian)   
  22. Hawramy, F. (2020). Environmentalist, Intellectual, PJAK fighter: The Life and Death of Rebwar Gholizadeh, at: https://www.rudaw.net/english/kurdistan/210720201
  23. Heidari, A., et.al. (2015). Israel's Strategy in Iraqi Kurdistan and the Concerns of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Islamic Revolution Studies, 15(54), 109-128. (In Persian) 
  24. Khosravi, A., Asadi, A. (2018). Kurdish independence in Iraq, structural analysis and scenarios, Strategic Studies Quarterly, 21(3), 185-212. (In Persian)   
  25. Khosravi, J., Kalhori, J., and Hamehmorad, L. (2016). The Presence of Israel in Iraqi Kurdistan and its Security Challenges for Iran’s National Security, Journal of Politics and Law, 9(7), 169-177. (In Persian)   
  26. Liga, A. (2017). The Israel Factor and the Iraqi Kurdish Quest for Independence. Instituto Affari Internazionali (IAI), October. at: https://www.iai.it/en/pubblicazioni
  27. Majidyar, A. (2017). Iran and Turkey Discuss Ways to Cooperate in Syria and Iraq, at: https://www.mei.edu/publications
  28. Mohammadi, M. (2018). The Contexts and Mechanisms of Intelligence Action of the Occupying Regime of Quds against the Islamic Republic of Iran in the years 2004-2014, Regional Studies, 18(3), 45-84. (In Persian)
  29. Moradbeigi, H. (2019). The Living History of Kurdistan and the Left and Nationalism. Tehran: Nasim Publications, Second Edition. (In Persian)      
  30. Moradi, J. (2019). Study of the causes of the Presence of the advisor of the Islamic Republic of Iran in Syria, International Studies Journal (ISJ), 16(3), 1-21. (In Persian)    
  31. Moradian, M. (2019). Retaliatory attack of the IRGC on the Headquarters of Kurdish Parties in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Political Effects and Military Ealue, National Security Watch, 88(2), 55-60. (In Persian) 
  32. Mousavifard, M., et.al. (2019). A Look at the Conflict of Thought and Action against Women in Terrorist Groups in Opposition to International Laws and Conventions with Emphasis on PJAK's Performance from Pukk, Journal of Science and Engineering Elites, 4(6), 1-13. (In Persian)     
  33. Mulhem, S. (2017). Independent Kurdish State Unviable in Current Political Climate. at: https://sputniknews.com/analysis/201710031057896686
  34. Naderi, M. (2019). Democratic Party of Kurdistan of Iran. Tehran: Publications of the Institute for Political Research Studies, 2th edition. (In Persian) 
  35. Nadimi, F. (2017). Iran's Military Options against Kurdish Independence, at: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/irans-military-options-against-kurdish-independence
  36. Naqibzadeh, A. (2019). History of Diplomacy and International Relations from the Westphalian Pact to the Present. Tehran: Qoms Publishing, 17th edition. (In Persian)     
  37. Nasri, Q., Rezaei, D. (2019). The most important threats to the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Iraqi Kurdistan Region, Strategic Studies Quarterly, 9(37), 168-197. (In Persian)
  38. Nikofar, J., et.al. (2015). The Impact of Internal Disputes Among Kurdish Parties on the Failure of the Independence of Iraqi Kurdistan, Political Research in the Islamic World, 8(4), 77-109. (In Persian) 
  39. Osiur, R. (2015). An Analysis of the Regional Security of South Asia in Post 9/11 Period: Regional Security Complex Theory Approach. Eastern Mediterranean University September 2015 Gazimağusa, North Cyprus.
  40. Rajabi, M. (2019). The Position of the Iraqi Kurdistan Region in the Regional Policies of the United States of America in West Asia, Political Research in the Islamic World, 9(2), 27-52. (In Persian)     
  41. Rubin, M. (2019). Will the United States ever Support Kurdish Independence?. at: https://www.aei.org/research-products/book/will-the-united-states-ever-support-kurdish-independence/
  42. Saleem, Z. A. (2017). Iran and Iraqi Kurdistan: Heading Toward Confrontation. at: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/fikraforum/view
  43. Stansfield, G. (2018). Turkey’s attack on Syrian Kurds Could Overturn the Entire Region, at: https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jan/28/
  44. Sumer, F., Joseph, J. (2018). The Paradox of the Iraqi Kurdish Referendum on Independence: Contradictions and Hopes for Economic Prosperity, at:https:// www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13530194.2018.1430533
  45. Torabi, G., Taherizadeh, M. (2019). Dominant Regional Trends and the Future of Order in the Middle East. International Studies Journal (ISJ), 16(2), 7-29. (In Persian) 
  46. Valdebeigi, B. (2016). On the Storm: Mulla Mostafa Barzani as Narrated by the Iranian Press. Tehran: Third Edition. (In Persian)       
  47. Wahab, B. (2017). Why Israel Is Cheering On Iraqi Kurds, Push for in The Complications of Kurdish Independence. at: https://www.washingtoninstitute.org/policy-analysis/view/
  48. Wojnarowicz, M. (2017). Israel and the Kurdish Question, https://www.ceeol.com/search /gray-literature-detail?id=577433
  49. Yadround, M., et.al. (2019). The Referendum on the Independence of the Kurdistan Region and the Emergence of a Balance of Threats in Iran-Turkey Relations, Nations Research, 4(41), 25-42. (In Persian)
  50. Zaki, Y., et.al. (2019). Factors Affecting the Security Approach in the Management of Border Areas of Kurdistan Province, Geography, 17(62), 41-60. (In Persian) 

 

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار