کرانه‌های خلیج فارس: فدرالیسم، ژئواستراتژی و حمایت از یمن جنوبی معاصر

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستقل

نویسنده

پژوهشگر ارشد مؤسسه ایتالیایی مطالعات سیاست بین‌الملل و تحلیلگر خلیج فارس در بنیاد دفاعی ناتو

چکیده

این مقاله ژئوپلیتیک یمن جنوبی معاصر را مورد بررسی قرار می‌دهد. با توجه به جنگ داخلی، دو دینامیکی که در هم آمیخته‌اند، تعادل‌های جنوبی و روابط قدرتمند را تغییر داده‌اند. در سطح داخلی، مبارزات بین منطقه‌ای و قبیله‌ای با توجه به خلاء مداوم در حکومت و امنیت محلی برای استقلال رشد می‌کنند. در سطح منطقه‌ای، بازی‌های ژئوپولیتیکی در خاورمیانه (امارات متحده عربی، عربستان سعودی، قطر، عمان، ترکیه و ایران) و بازیکنان بین المللی (ایالات متحده، روسیه و چین) در منطقه امنیتی عدن با هدایت منافع تجاری و نظامی افزایش یافته است. تکه تکه شدن حاکمیت یمن، یک خطر امنیتی برای قدرت‌های خلیج فارس و همچنین یک فرصت جغرافیایی برای افزایش و یا گسترش نفوذ خود در جنوب یمن و سرزمین‌های خلیج فارس است. برای عربستان سعودی و بیشتر از همه امارات متحده عربی، جنوب یمن یک پلتفرم برای سیاست‌های جدید مداخله گرانه خارجی است: برای اهداف جغرافیایی، ابوظبی در بسیاری از مناطق جنوب غربی به سرمایه‌گذاری فراملی کمک کرده است، در نتیجه، دستاوردهای نظامی جدیدی را در منطقه به دست آورده است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Persian Gulf Rimland: Federalism, Geostrategy and Patronage in Contemporary Southern Yemen

نویسنده [English]

  • Eleonora Ardemagni
Italian Institute for International Political Studies (ISPI), Roma, Italy.
چکیده [English]

This essay investigates the geopolitics of contemporary Southern Yemen. Due to the civil war, two intertwined dynamics have been altering intra-Southern balances, shifting consolidated power relations. At a domestic level, inter-regional and tribal struggles for autonomy and/or independence grow, given also the persisting vacuum in local governance and security. At a regional level, the geopolitical game played by Middle Eastern (United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Oman, Turkey and Iran) and international players (United States, Russia and China) in the Aden regional security complex is on the rise, driven by commercial and military interests. Yemen’s sovereignty fragmentation represents a security risk for Persian Gulf powers, as well as a geostrategic chance to enhance and/or expand their influence on Southern Yemen, the Persian Gulf rimland. For Saudi Arabia and most of all the UAE, Southern Yemen is a platform for their new interventionist foreign policies: for geostrategic purposes, Abu Dhabi has invested in transnational patronage in many Southern regions, thus gaining new military leverage in the sub-region.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Southern Yemen
  • Federalism
  • Persian Gulf Rimland
  • Patronage
  • Militias
  • United Arab Emirates
  • Saudi Arabia
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