روابط بین الملل در خانه آغاز می‌شود: درسی انسان دوستانه از پادشاهی دانمارک

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستقل

نویسندگان

1 استاد اخلاق حرفه ای و حقوق بشر و دانشیار دانشکده در برنامه مطالعات زنان و جنسیت، دانشگاه ایندیانا شمال غربی؛ پروفسور، دانشکده تحصیلات تکمیلی دانشگاه ایندیانا، ایالات متحده آمریکا

2 مدرس فلسفه، گروه علوم سیاسی، فلسفه و مطالعات مذهبی، دانشگاه ایالتی میزوری جنوبی، ایالات متحده آمریکا

چکیده

اقدامات شدید برای کاهش تعداد وهزینه‌های پناهندگان و مهاجران را می‌توان در میان نمونه‌های اخیر واکنش‌های نامناسب پادشاهی دانمارک به بحران‌های پس از درگیری‌های مسلحانه مشاهده کرد. از لحاظ سیاسی، به گفته‌ی برخی از متخصصان سیاست خارجی دانمارک، به عنوان مثال توماس هنسن، روند سختگیری قانون و شفافیت در مورد عدم اجازه ورود به مهاجران و پناهندگان در سال 2001 آغاز شد. در حالی که علل آن بحث برانگیز است، آثار آن روشن است. دانمارک تاریخ خود را لکه دار کرده است. با وجود محبوبیت وزیر مهاجرت، ادغام و مسکن دولت فعلی در بین دانمارکی‌ها، مجموعه سیاست‌های محدود کننده هشداری از شرایط فعلی است. صرف‌نظر از دلایل و انگیزه‌های پذیرش این قانون، اقدامات قانونی مربوطه، رویدادها و تغییرات روابط بین‌الملل را شکل می‌دهند؛ و به این ترتیب، بر نظم میان دولت‌ها تأثیر می‌گذارند. از نظر سیاست‌های منطقه‌ای و جهانی، این سوال مطرح می‌شود که آیا بین قطر پس از سال 2013 و دانمارک بعد از سال 2001 شباهتی وجود دارد؟ به طور دقیق‌تر، سوال این است که آیا دانمارک باید تحت عنوان "دولت‌های کوچک و تاثیر گذار" در گذشته در نظر گرفته شود؟ با استفاده از آثار مهران کامروا در قطر به عنوان یک پلتفرم برای ادعای عقبگرد نقش، نویسندگان با ارائه استدلال و بحث درباره قدرت نیاز به پایین آوردن دانمارک را نیز توجیه می‌کنند. علاوه بر این، تنش میان تصویر رسمی دانمارک و شرایط ارزش‌های فرهنگی در دانمارک مبحث را پیچیده می‌سازد، که به نوبه خود امکان ارائه یا توضیح برخی از جنبه‌های شواهد برای ظرفیت حقوق بشر دولت را پدیدار می‌کند. بخشی از این استدلال ناشی از سوءاستفاده ادبیات پیش از سال 2001 در مورد دانمارکی بودن است - استراتژی‌ای که با استفاده از طنز وزیر محبوب دانمارک به عنوان یک روش شناسایی حقیقت است.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

International Relations Begin at Home: A Humanitarian Learning Lesson from the Kingdom of Denmark

نویسندگان [English]

  • Anja Matwijkiw 1
  • Bronik Matwijkiw 2
1 Indiana University Northwest, Gary, IN, U.S.
2 Southeast Missouri State University, Cape Girardeau, MO, U.S.
چکیده [English]

 
Extreme measures to reduce the number and cost of refugees and immigrants belong among the recent examples of the Kingdom of Denmark’s illiberal responses to crises in the wake of third party armed conflict. Politically, the process of tightening the law and having a transparently unwelcoming attitude towards foreigners began in 2001, at least according to some experts on Danish foreign policy, e.g. Thomas Gammeltoft-Hansen. While the causes are controversial, the effects are clear. Denmark is undercutting its own history. However popular the current VLAK-coalition government’s Minister of Immigration, Integration and Housingmay be among the Danes, the ongoing series of restrictive policies cannot but result in Red Flags. Irrespective of any motivationally deeper or underlying reasons for their adoption, the relevant legal and other measures constitute international relations events and changes; and, as such, they affect the order among states. In terms of regional and global politics, the question is whether there is an analogy between post-2013 Qatar and post-2001 Denmark? More precisely, the question is whether Denmark should be listed under past as opposed to present “small and influential states”? By using Mehran Kamrava’s work on Qatar as a platform for a role reversal claim, the authors present a muted subtle power argument for the need to downgrade Denmark, too. Furthermore, a tension between the official Danish image and the climate of cultural values in Denmark creates a complex us versus them disconnect which, in turn, makes it possible to provide or, more to the point, explain some aspects of the evidence for the state’s precarious human rights capacity. Part of the argument derives from pre-2001 literary whistleblowing concerning Danishness – a strategy that accords with the popular Danish Minister’s own use of satire as a truth-recognition methodology. 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Denmark
  • international relations
  • refugees and immigrants in general
  • restrictive policies
  • satirical measures
  • subtle power

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