Thinking about the role of "Economic" developments in the formation of major "Political" transformations in the international arena has been a subject of serious reflection by political and social science thinkers over the past century. Based on this, the primary question of the research is how economic developments played a pivotal role in international developments during the transition from the "colonial" era to the "globalization" era, and how the "consciousness" system contributed to shaping this process. The research, using the method of "historical explanation" and the approach of "economic history", proposes this hypothesis: in the 20th century, capitalism with a "free" and "global market" economic production method based on industrial production, with the priority of the United States, has prevailed over capitalism with a "local" production method based on colonial relations, which has resulted in the birth of the era of "globalization". Other findings indicate that the formation of the consciousness system in "center" and "periphery" societies has played a significant role in understanding the transformation process of these two trends in the twentieth century.