Political and economic factors have played pivotal roles in realising and implementing the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) as well as the reinforcement of sanctions against the Iranian nuclear program. In other words, due to the defects and shortcomings rooted in JCPOA talks, the USA’s lack of adherence to this agreement, and Iran’s domestic political tensions in its implementation phase, the USA evaluated the cost of violating the JCPOA much lower than the other party. This paper seeks to determine the effects of domestic factors on the realisation and implementation of the JCPOA. For this purpose, a descriptive-analytical method and Rosenau’s five variables were employed to prove whether sanctions imposed by the USA led to the emergence of certain domestic political and economic factors in Iran. These factors have caused a serious obstacle to the Iranian state on the path to development. Therefore, all branches of Iran’s government must cooperate with the negotiation team to achieve a stable agreement and alleviate economic pressures on people, seeking to lift all sanctions through constructive proposals. However, the Islamic Republic of Iran has always adhered to its JCPOA obligations.