پیامدهای سیاسی و اقتصادی خروج آمریکا از برجام برای ایران در دوره ترامپ و آغاز دوره بایدن

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستخرج از رساله

نویسندگان

1 گروه روابط بین الملل، واحد بین‌الملل کیش ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جزیره کیش ، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روابط بین الملل، دانشکده روابط بین الملل وزارت امور خارجه

3 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین‌الملل، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین‌الملل واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.

چکیده

برجام، موافقتنامه‌ای چندجانبه است که با کار مشترک کشورهای 1+5 و ایران پدید آمده است. این توافقنامه دستاورد بسیار مهمی در عرصه روابط بین‌الملل با کاربرد دیپلماسی برای ایجاد صلح بوده است، به‌طوری که انتظار می‌رفت، روند تحولات خاورمیانه را به سوی ثبات هدایت نماید و برای جمهوری اسلامی ایران از منظر سیاسی و ابعاد مختلف امنیتی از جمله امنیت اقتصادی، بسیار مفید باشد و البته به نظر می‌رسد چنین نیز بود و در مدت کوتاه اجرای آن، روند مثبتی دیده شد. با خروج آمریکا توسط دونالد ترامپ از برجام و به کارگیری سیاست فشار حداکثری بر ایران، این اثرات موافقتنامه نیز تا حدود بسیار زیادی متوقف شد. بنابراین پرسش این مقاله آن است که خروج آمریکا از برجام برای جمهوری اسلامی ایران چه پیامدهایی از منظر سیاسی و امنیت اقتصادی داشته است؟ هدف مقاله آن است که تنها بر اثرات سیاسی و اقتصادی این خروج تمرکز نماید. روش تحقیق آن، روش توصیفی و تحلیلی است و نتیجه کلی آن نشان می‌دهد که خروج آمریکا از برجام توسط ترامپ و به کارگیری سیاست فشار حداکثری که تا در آغاز دوره بایدن نیز از آن کاسته نشده، موجب شده است تا تهدیدات سیاسی و امنیت اقتصادی در ابعاد مختلف داخلی و خارجی علیه ایران افزایش یافته، با افزایش برخوردها میان کشورهای منطقه خلیج فارس صلح و ثبات در منطقه به خطر افتد و ایران در نگاه به شرق به قدرت‌های بزرگ روسیه و چین نزدیک‌تر شود و از اروپا نیز فاصله گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Political and Economic Consequences of the US Withdrawal from JCPOA for Iran in the Trump Era and beginning of Biden’s Presidency

نویسندگان [English]

  • Aghil Naghshbandi 1
  • Mohammadreza Dehshiri 2
  • Garineh Keshishyan Siraki 3
  • Mohamadreza Ghaedi 4
1 Department of International Relations, Kish International Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kish Island, Iran
2 Associate Professor of Department of International Relations, Faculty of International Relations of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (SIR)
3 Department of Political Science and International Relations, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
4 Assistance Professor at Political Science and International Relations Dep., Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran.
چکیده [English]

JCPOA is a multilateral deal that was achieved with common efforts between the Islamic Republic of Iran and 5+1group. This deal, was an important achievement by pursuing intensive diplomacy for peace and international stability in international relations. JCPOA signers hoped that the deal can stabilize evolutions in the Middle East and be very useful for Islamic republic of Iran from political and economic perspectives. Although it seems that the implementation of the deal was useful for Iran and the International Community in a short time, with the United State withdrawal from JCPOA in president Trump administration and using maximum pressure policy against Iran, the positive effects of this deal was stopped. Therefore, the main question of this article is what are the political, economic and security consequences of the US withdrawal from JCPOA for the Islamic Republic of Iran? The purpose of this article is to focus only on the political and economic effects of this exit. The research method is descriptive and analytical, and the overall result shows that Trump's withdrawal from JCPOA and the application of maximum pressure policy, which has not been reduced until the beginning of the Biden era, has increased political economic and security threats against Iran in various domestic and foreign dimensions. With the escalation of the conflict between the countries of the Persian Gulf region, peace and stability in the region will be endangered, and Iran will look closer to the great powers of Russia and China in the east, and will distance itself from Europe.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • JCPOA
  • US
  • Iran
  • Policy Economy
  • Security
  • Threat
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