اجرای تعهدات کشورها نسبت به حق بر محیط زیست سالم (مطالعه موردی سند الگوی اسلامی ایرانی پیشرفت)

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی- پژوهشی مستخرج از رساله

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حقوق بین الملل عمومی،دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)،اصفهان،ایران

2 عضو هیئت علمی گروه حقوق دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد اصفهان(خوراسگان)، اصفهان، ایران.

3 عضو هیات علمی گروه حقوق دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نجف اباد،نجف آباد، ایران

چکیده

محیط زیست به عنوان یک امانت عمومی است که باید برای نسلهای آینده حفظ شود و کشورها و افراد برای استفاده از آن داری حق و تکلیف هستند و با توجه به اسناد حقوق بشری نسل سوم در خصوص حق بر محیط زیست سالم تعهداتی دارند که موظف به انجام آن می باشند.از طرفی در سند الگوی اسلامی ایرانی پیشرفت که برنامه50 سال آینده کشور در حال تدوین است،بهره برداری و اجرای حق بر محیط زیست سالم مورد تاکید قرار گرفته است مهمترین سوالی که این مقاله به دنبال پاسخ به آن می باشداین است که تعهدات کشورها در مورد حق بر محیط زیست چیست و سازوکارهای اجرای این تعهدات در سند الگوی ایرانی اسلامی پیشرفت چگونه می باشد؟ روش مطالعه این پژوهش توصیفی-تحلیلی می باشد.هدف از این پژوهش نیز بررسی تعهدات کشورها در اجرای حق بر محیط زیست با تاکید براجرای آن در این سند می باشد. نتایج نشان می دهد کشورها طبق اسناد حقوق بشری و قوانین ملی،ملزم به رعایت حق بر محیط زیست می باشند.همچنین در نظام حقوقی جمهوری اسلامی ایران نیز که برگرفته از حقوق اسلام می باشد نیز در اصل پنجاهم قانون اساسی حفاظت از محیط زیست را مطرح نموده ودر بندهای 26-28-29 تدابیر سند الگو به شکل غیر مستقیم بر حفاظت از محیط زیست اشاره شده است.لذا تبیین حق بر محیط زیست به شکل شفاف و مستقیم به عنوان یکی از مفاهیم حقوق همبستگی در سند الگوی ایرانی اسلامی ضرورتی انکار ناپذیر می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Implementation of Countries' Commitments to the Right to a Healthy Environment (Case Study of the Document of the Iranian Islamic Model of Progress)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojahed Amiri 1
  • Leila Raisi 2
  • Masoud Raee 3
1 Department of law, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
2 Department of law, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran.
3 Department of law Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The environment is a public trust that should be preserved for future generations and countries and individuals have the right to use it and according to the human rights documents the third generation have obligations regarding the right to a healthy environment that they are obliged to do. The most important question that this article seeks to answer is what are the obligations of countries about the right to the environment and what are the mechanisms for implementing these commitments in the Document of the Iranian Islamic Model of Progress? The purpose of this study is to investigate the obligations of countries in implementing the right to the environment with an emphasis on its implementation in this document. Also, in the legal system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which is derived from Islamic law, article 50 of the Constitution also raises the protection of the environment and in paragraphs 26-28-29, the measures of the model document indirectly refer to the protection of the environment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environmental Rights
  • Solidarity Rights
  • Iranian Islamic Model
  • Obligations of countries
  • Human Rights

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